Unit 12

Psychological Disorder: A mental health condition that causes significant distress or impairment in a person’s thoughts, behaviors, or emotions, affecting their daily functioning.

ADHD: A neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, often leading to challenges in school or work.

Medical Model: A perspective in psychology that views mental disorders as diseases or illnesses that can be diagnosed, treated, and cured using medical methods.

DSM-5: A manual published by the American Psychiatric Association that provides a standardized classification and diagnostic criteria for mental health disorders.

Anxiety Disorders: A category of mental health disorders characterized by excessive worry, fear, or anxiety, affecting daily functioning.

Generalized Anxiety Disorder: A chronic disorder marked by persistent and excessive worry about a variety of everyday issues, often without a clear cause.

Panic Disorder: An anxiety disorder characterized by recurrent and unexpected panic attacks, which involve sudden feelings of intense fear or discomfort.

Phobia: An irrational fear of a specific object, situation, or activity that leads to avoidance behaviors.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder: A disorder involving recurring, unwanted thoughts and repetitive behaviors or rituals aimed at reducing anxiety.

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder: A mental health condition triggered by experiencing or witnessing a traumatic event, leading to symptoms like flashbacks, nightmares, and heightened anxiety.

Dissociative Disorders: A group of disorders that involve a disconnection between thoughts, identity, memory, or perception, often in response to trauma or stress.

Dissociative Identity Disorder (DID): A dissociative disorder characterized by the presence of two or more distinct identities or personality states, often caused by traumatic experiences.

Mood Disorders: A group of psychological disorders primarily related to disturbances in a person's mood, such as depression or mania.

Major Depressive Disorder: A mood disorder characterized by a persistently low mood, loss of interest in activities, and other symptoms that impair daily functioning.

Mania: A state of elevated or irritable mood, increased energy, and impulsive behavior, commonly seen in bipolar disorder.

Bipolar Disorder: A mood disorder marked by extreme mood swings, including episodes of depression and mania or hypomania.

Schizophrenia: A severe mental disorder characterized by distorted thinking, perceptions, emotions, and behaviors, often involving symptoms such as hallucinations and delusions.

Delusions: False beliefs that are strongly held despite evidence to the contrary, often seen in schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders.

Personality Disorders: A group of mental disorders characterized by persistent patterns of thought, behavior, and emotions that deviate from cultural expectations and cause significant distress or impairment.

Antisocial Personality Disorder: A personality disorder characterized by a disregard for the rights of others, manipulative behaviors, and a lack of empathy or remorse for harmful actions.